What type of research often qualifies for exemption from IRB review?

Research involving minimal risk, such as surveys, often qualifies for exemption from IRB review because it does not pose significant risk to participants' rights or welfare. The primary criteria for exemption are that the research must involve procedures that are commonly done in daily life and must not involve vulnerable populations or sensitive topics that could lead to legal or emotional issues.

Surveys typically collect non-sensitive information that does not identify participants, minimizing the potential for harm. This aligns with the federal regulations that provide guidelines for exempt research, which often includes educational practices, certain public benefit programs, and research on public behavior. The intent is to efficiently allocate IRB resources to studies that involve higher risks.

In contrast, other types of research, such as clinical trials, research with confidential military information, or studies involving invasive procedures, generally require more thorough scrutiny due to the higher levels of risk and ethical considerations involved. By focusing on studies with minimal risk, the IRB can maintain high standards of participant protection while facilitating research that is unlikely to cause harm.