What can a researcher do to minimize potential risks of harm when conducting an online survey?

Designing the survey to avoid collecting direct or indirect identifiers is a highly effective strategy for minimizing potential risks of harm when conducting an online survey. By not including information that could identify participants—such as names, contact information, or even specific demographic details that could hint at identity—researchers significantly reduce the risk of breaches of confidentiality and ensure that participant responses remain anonymous. This approach helps to create a more secure environment for participants, encouraging honesty in their responses and decreasing the likelihood of any negative consequences arising from the survey participation.

In contexts where sensitive topics are addressed, maintaining anonymity can promote willingness to participate, as people are more likely to share their honest opinions and experiences without fear of judgment or repercussions. Overall, this approach aligns with ethical research practices and the principles of protecting participant privacy and safety.